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Transdermal Fentanyl Over dose is different than IV overdose...Know this very well



A very interesting case report Published in
Pediatr Emerg Care highlights the difference between the Pharmacokinetics of  Transdermal fentanyl and the Pharmacokinetics of  IV route...Beside this it highlights the management of Transdermal fentany Overdose...

Here is the case :

The case is of a 15-year-old girl found apneic at home after having applied five of her stepfather’s fentanyl patches (100 μg/h each) to her body in a suicide attempt. She required multiple doses of intramuscular and intravenous naloxone to maintain respiratory drive and level of consciousness, and then a naloxone drip for 36 hours after presentation.

Here is the Lesson learned :

Because fentanyl is so short-acting (duration of IV dose 0.5 – 1.0 hours), it is easy to underestimate how long the effects of transdermal fentanyl will last.
However, because of the concentration gradient, when a fentanyl patch is applied a depot of the drug is taken up by skin layers and slowly released into the system.
Therefore, even after the patches are removed serum levels can increase, since the elimination half-life is 13 – 22 hours.

Patients who experience respiratory depression from fentanyl patches should be observed in a monitored setting for at least 24 hours after patch removal.

 Lyttle MD et al. Pediatr Emerg Care 2012;28:463-464.

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