Skip to main content

Epidural analgesia, gastrointestinal motitity and intestinal blood flow


--Thoracic (above the T12 dermatome) epidural local anesthetics (e.g. bupivacaine) can have clinically significant effects to decrease the duration of ileus after abdominal surgery.

--The most optimal post-op analgesia , in terms of minimizing post-op ileus, appears to be a combination of low-dose epidural bupivacaine plus morphine.

--In order for this combination to be effective, it should be delivered via a thoracic epidural catheter, ideally with the tip of the catheter as close as possible to the dermatome in the middle of the surgical incision. (e.g. T10 for an upper abdominal incision)


Safeguarding intestinal perfusion is a critical issue in the maintenance of intestinal function and integrity of the mucosal barrier.
The effect of epidural bupivacaine (5mg/ml) on intestinal blood flow was studied with laser Doppler flowmetry in patients during large bowel resection.
In the colon, blood flow increased in 13 out of 15 patients, which was significant at the 1 per cent level. The average increase was 41%.
(K. Johansson British Journal of Surgery 2005 Vol 75 Issue 1, P 73-76)


Epidural analgesia increased 7-day surival from 33% to 73% (p<0.05)
Thoracic epidural analgesia attenuated systemic response and improved survival in severe acute pancreatitis.
These effects might be explained by improved mucosal perfusion.
(Freise Hendrik Anesthesiology 2006; 105(2):354-9.)


After oesophagectomy, continuous infusion bupivacaine 10 ml/hr, increased the anastomotic mucosal blood flow.
(Michelet P et. al acta anesthesiol. Scan. 2007 51:587-94)


Thoracic epidural analgesia provides a significant benefit in terms of
*less analgesic consumption
*better post-op pain relief
*and faster recovery of gastrointestinal function
in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection
(ZINGG Urs 2009, vol 23, n2 pp. 276-282)

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

The 100 essentials in icu and anesthesia

The most visual experience in anesthesia and critical care education  The 100 essentials of anesthesia and critical care  COMING VERY SOON  stay tuned 

Driving Pressure in ARDS: A new concept!

Driving Pressure and Survival in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Marcelo B.P. Amato, M.D., Maureen O. Meade, M.D., Arthur S. Slutsky, M.D., Laurent Brochard, M.D., Eduardo L.V. Costa, M.D., David A. Schoenfeld, Ph.D., Thomas E. Stewart, M.D., Matthias Briel, M.D., Daniel Talmor, M.D., M.P.H., Alain Mercat, M.D., Jean-Christophe M. Richard, M.D., Carlos R.R. Carvalho, M.D., and Roy G. Brower, M.D. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:747-755 February 19, 2015 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsa1410639 BACKGROUND Mechanical-ventilation strategies that use lower end-inspiratory (plateau) airway pressures, lower tidal volumes (V T ), and higher positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEPs) can improve survival in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the relative importance of each of these components is uncertain. Because respiratory-system compliance (C RS ) is strongly related to the volume of aerated remaining functional lung during disease (termed functional lung size)...