A recent quantitative review suggests that depressive symptoms contribute a significant independent risk for the onset of coronary disease, a risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.64) that is greater than the risk conferred by passive smoking (OR = 1.25) but less than the risk conferred by active smoking (OR = 2.5). 1
Patients with coronary heart disease who also display depressive symptoms have an increased risk of mortality.2
The Neurological Outcome Research Group conducted a prospective study of 555 CABG patients for 6 months and showed that, after adjustment for other risk factors, depression was associated with a 2- to 3-fold increase in risk of death. 3
1. Wulsin LR, Singal BM. Do depressive symptoms increase the risk for the onset of coronary disease? A systematic quantitative review.
Psychosom Med 2003;65(2): 201–210
2. Barth J, Schumacher M, Herrmann- Lingen C. Depression as a risk factor for mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis.
Psychosom Med 2004;66(6):802–813.
3. Blumenthal JA, Lett HS, Babyak MA, et al. Depression as a risk factor for mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Lancet 2003;362(9384):604–609.
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