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POUR



Post Operative Urinrary retention (POUR) may be transient and cause little patient discomfort, but it may also permanently damage urinary function if not relieved.

Ultrasound assessment (bladder scanning) has been used to accurately measure and define POUR. Bladder volumes ranging from 400 to 600 ml have been used as cut-off values.

Baldini et al. reported an increase of POUR with age, and a higher incidence in men than in women.

Other reported risk factors of POUR are spinal anesthesia, duration of surgery and the amount of perioperative intravenous fluids.

In a study that includes 800 patients, Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify patient and system factors linked to POUR in  hospitalized patients who had undergone orthopedic, abdominal, gynecological or plastic surgery without an indwelling urinary catheter.

According to this study the independent risk factors for POUR

  • lack of pre-operative voiding,
  • use of regional anesthesia
  • anesthesia time >2 h
  • emergency surgery

Authors  recommend pre-operative voiding whenever possible. Routine bladder scanning at arrival in the recovery room should be considered, especially after spinal anesthesia, emergency surgery or when the anesthesia time exceeds 2 h.

Risk factors of post-operative urinary retention in hospitalised patients
B. S. HANSEN 1, E. SØREIDE 1, A. M. WARLAND1 and O. B. NILSEN 2
1Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and 2The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital,Stavanger, Norway
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